有机经济学

有机经济学

Pan Pan

17,42 €
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Editorial:
ButterflyMan
Año de edición:
2026
Materia
Macroeconomía
ISBN:
9798902170563
17,42 €
IVA incluido
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过去四十年,世界经济几乎建立在同一个假设之上:只要经济持续增长,社会最终就会变得更加繁荣。然而,当经济规模不断扩大,另一些现象也同时出现:财富越来越集中,家庭债务不断上升,房地产与金融资产成为社会安全感的重要来源,金融市场对实体经济的影响越来越深,而人工智能正在进一步改变劳动、资本与所有权的结构。问题也因此发生了变化。真正需要追问的,已经不只是:经济还能增长多快?而是:这样的增长结构能够稳定多久?《有机经济学》从这一问题出发,重新审视增长、财富、资本、技术与社会稳定之间的关系。本书提出,现代经济正在形成一种越来越明显的提取型结构:增长收益向资本与资产所有者集中,而债务、医疗、住房、养老、就业等风险则越来越多地向家庭和个人转移。经济可以在这种结构中继续增长,却可能同时变得更加脆弱。为解释这一现象,本书建立了一套新的经济分析框架,并提出四个相互关联的模型:有机资本模型经济体系由自然资本、人类资本、社会资本、分散所有权与生产能力共同构成。提取型增长模型分析资本集中、低成本劳动、债务扩张与资源提取如何形成短期增长,同时累积长期结构风险。宏观稳定模型将经济稳定性理解为有机资本与结构提取程度之间的关系。结构性提取指数(SES)通过所有权集中、风险私有化、制度俘获与金融化,以及社会稳定缓冲能力,衡量一个经济体系更接近稳定结构还是提取结构。在此基础上,本书进一步提出有机稳定曲线,讨论为什么经济体系的稳定性并不会随着结构恶化而均匀下降,而可能在越过某个临界点后迅速恶化。人工智能使这一问题更加迫切。AI 可以极大提高生产能力,但如果技术红利继续集中于少数平台、资本与数据所有者,生产力越高,并不必然意味着社会越稳定。因此,AI 时代真正的问题可能不是:机器能够生产多少?而是:新的生产力由谁拥有,收益如何分配,风险由谁承担?《有机经济学》试图把经济重新理解为一个有生命的系统。经济的长期目标不只是扩大产出,而是在自然边界、生产能力、所有权结构、人类福祉与社会稳定之间建立可以持续的循环。未来经济真正的竞争,或许不再只是增长速度的竞争,而是结构稳定能力的竞争。

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