Aswini M / Deivanayaki R / Muthurajan S
A Battery Management System (BMS) is an electronic system that monitors, controls, and protects rechargeable batteries, commonly used in electric vehicles, renewable energy storage, and portable electronics. Its primary functions include monitoring voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge (SOC) to ensure safe and efficient operation. The BMS prevents overcharging, over-discharging, overheating, and short circuits, which can damage cells or reduce battery lifespan. It also balances cells within a battery pack to maintain uniform performance and maximize capacity. Advanced BMS units estimate state of health (SOH), manage thermal systems, and communicate with external devices for diagnostics and control. Overall, a BMS enhances safety, reliability, performance, and longevity of battery systems.
